Most library "disasters" are relatively minor, involving fewer than 1,000 volumes, and can usually be handled in-house by the library's disaster action team, with some advice and assistance from facilities management and a conservator (see Dealing with minor emergencies).

For a major disaster—such as a hurricane, a large fire, or an explosion—it may be necessary to coordinate a large number of people and activities and commit significant amounts of money. The success of the recovery effort will depend on action that is quick but organized and deliberate. Clearly defined duties and a clear chain of command are essential to avoid confusion and to ensure the safety of the people working at the recovery site.

The following guidelines are designed to expedite the organization of the disaster action team. They also summarize technical information the team may need to plan and carry out the initial recovery operation. Since by far the most common library disasters involve water, the guidelines give special emphasis to salvaging wet material.

• Checklist of immediate steps